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| Culture |
The Siritide National Museum of Policoro is located near the remains of the ancient Greek towns of Siris-Herakleia. It is dedicated to the Greek colonies of Siris (VII-VI centuries B.C.) and Herakleia (V century B.C. - I/II centuries A.D.), and to the Italic civilisations of the valleys of the rivers Agri and Sinni. The archaeological finds are showcased according to topographic and chronological criteria, and show how life was like in these two Greek colonies, with regard to everyday activities, economy, religion and handicraft. The finds come from the towns but also from the necropolises, where the so called "Tomb of Policoro" was found.
In the year 280 B.C., the battle of Heraclea took place between the Roman troops under the command of Consul Publius Valerius Laevinus and the combined forces of Greeks from Epirus, Tarentum, Thurii, Metapontum, and Heraclea under the command of King Pyrrhus of Epirus. The battle took place in the territory of Heraclea, in the area where the town of Policoro is now located. Pyrrhus set up camp in the plain near the river Siris (modern Sinni), between Pandosia and Heraclea. He helped Tarentum by deploying 25500 soldiers and 20 elephants. These animals, unknown to the Romans, were crucial for the victory. In this battle, the Greek and the Roman civilisations clashed for the first time. From a political point of view, the Greek-Epirot victory soon proved gainful for the coalition because, after this battle, many towns of Magna Graecia (or Great Greece) asked the Epirot king for protection. From a military point of view, however, the victory did not prove gainful, since many Latin towns and towns in Campania remained faithful to the Roman Republic. The Tables of Heraclea date back to this period and are currently kept in the National Archaeological Museum of Naples. They are bronze tables with Greek texts on them, concerning the town’s public and constitutional rules. On the back side of these tables, the "lex Iulia Municipalis" is written in Latin.
Basilicata - Matera - The town of "Sassi" www.sassidimatera.it The "Sassi" of Matera is the first site all over the world that has been declared "Cultural Landscape" and has been listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site since 1993. This ancient town resembles a "giant sculpture", made of tangled alleys and staircases, cave dwellings and elegant palazzos, arches and balconies, gardens and wide terraces, all dug into the rocks of a deep gorge, named "Gravina" after the stream that flows on the canyon floor.
Basilicata - Valsinni - The Isabella Morra Literary Park www.parcomorra.it A journey into poetry and dream. Isabella's poems and the tale of her life will lead you along paths of memory, to the places where she lived and died. When her father escaped to Paris after the victory of Charles V over Francis I, she began to feel alone and isolated, both as a woman and a poet, like a stranger in her own home. In her poems, she made the nature and places around her echo with her misfortunes and hopes, her longings and disappointments.
Apulia - Itria Valley and the Trulli of Alberobello www.alberobello.net The history of this unique village dates back to the second half of XVI century, when peasants began to settle and cultivate this land, known as the "Forest", that was a small manor under the Acquaviva family, Counts of Conversano. They made the farmers build their houses of dry stone, so that these could easily be pulled down in case of a royal inspection, which was a sly trick to avoid the payment of the duties required for the building of a new village by a rule called "Prammatica de Baronibus". The trulli houses are characterised by conical roofs, covered with grey stone slates - the so-called "chiancole" -, that make this village a unique attraction for people from all over the world.
Campania - Pompei and Ercolano - A journey back into time A sudden, unexpected explosion: this is how the eruption of Vesuvius is described by Pliny the Younger in one of his letters to Tacitus, full of details, impressions and personal feelings. Pliny was at Miseno, with his mother and uncle, Pliny the Elder, who was in command of the Roman fleet. "That portion of the coast, due to its beauty, was densely populated", says Pliny the Younger. What happened was "an unforgettable disaster". Vesuvius stood high above surrounding places...
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